The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.